Kaganov M.I., Tsukernik V.M. The nature of magnetism

284 pp. (English).

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Resumen del libro

This popular-science physics book, dealing with precisely what its title suggests, exposes the reader to a fascinating interplay of classical, statistical, and quantum approaches to the matter.

The book describes microscopic sources of magnetic field and explains why not all macroscopic bodies produce it. The question of why different bodies behave differently in response to an applied magnetic field is considered, and ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism... (Información más detallada)

Contents

Introduction. What Is the Subject of This Book?				7
Chapter 1. Elementary Magnets				19
1.1. Electric and Magnetic Dipoles				19
1.2. Gyromagnetic Ratio				25
1.3. Elementary Sources of Magnetic Field: Do They Exist? Ampere's Hypothesis				27
1.4. A Brief Overview of Quantum Mechanics				33
Uncertainty Relations. Particle-Waves				34
Stationary States				38
More on Hydrogen Atom				42
1.5. Angular Momentum. Space Quantization				45
1.6. Magnetic Moment in Magnetic Field				50
1.7. Spin and Intrinsic Magnetic Moment of the Electron				54
1.8. g Factor				61
1.9. Structure of Atoms				68
Pauli Exclusion Principle				77
1.10. Exchange Energy				84
Chapter 2. Paramagnetism and Dia-magnetism				92
2.1. Magnetic Susceptibility				92
2.2. Magnetic Field Aligns Magnetic Moments				98
Negative Absolute Temperatures				103
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance				109
2.3. Diamagnetism				1ll
Magnetism Is a Quantum Phenomenon				118
2.4. Metals. Pauli Paramagnetism				121
Fermi and Bose Gases				123
2.5. Metals. Landau Diamagnetism				131
2.6. Superconductors: Ideal Diamagnetics				136
Chapter 3. Ferromagnetism				142
3.1. Self-Ordering of Atomic Magnets				142
3.2. Ferromagnetism as a Result of Exchange Forces				153
Ferromagnetic Metals				159
3.3. The "Para-Ferro" Transition: One of the Second-Order Phase Transitions				160
3.4. What Is the Direction of the Magnetic Moment of Ferromagnetics? Energy of Magnetic Anisotropy				168
3.5. Domains				177
3.6. Technical Magnetization Curve				186
3.7. Spin Waves				194
Spin Complexes				208
3.8. Spin Waves as Waves of Nonuniform Precession				213
3.9. Gas of Magnons				217
Bose Gas				218
Quantum Oscillator				223
3.10. Magnetization and Heat Capacity of Ferromagnetics at Low Temperatures				228
Phonons				232
Chapter 4. Antiferromagnetism				240
4.1. Antiferromagnetic Ordering				240
4.2. Magnetic Field Changes the Structure of Antiferromagnetics				248
4.3. Spin Waves: Magnons in Antiferromagnetics				256
4.4. How to "See" an Individual Magnon?				265
Ferromagnetic Resonance				267
Ferroacoustic Resonance				272
Inelastic Scattering				274
Problems				279

Los autores

Moisey Isaakovich Kaganov

Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Doctor honoris causa of the Wroclaw University of Technology (Poland, 1998). Born on August 4, 1921, in Lubny, Poltava Region, Ukraine. Participant of World War II. In 1949 he graduated from the Department of Physics and Mathematics of Kharkov State University. Since his student years he worked with Academician Ilya Mikhailovich Lifshitz (1917–1982). From 1949 to 1970 he worked at the Institute of Physics and Technology (Kharkov) of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, and from 1970 to 1994 — at the P. L. Kapitsa Institute for Physical Problems of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Untill 1970 he lectured at Kharkov University and then untill 1994 he lectured at the Lomonosov Moscow State University.

His main works are devoted to the quantum theory of condensed matter (electron theory of metals, low-temperature magnetism, and superconductivity). He published over 200 articles in scientific journals. He is the author of the books "Electron Theory of Metals" (co-authored with I. M. Lifshitz and M. Ya. Azbel), "The Nature of Magnetism" (Moscow: URSS; co-authored with V. M. Tsukernik), "Quasiparticles. Ideas and Principles of Quantum Physics of Solids" (co-authored with I. M. Lifshitz), "Landau School. What I Think of It", and "Abstraction in Mathematics and Physics" (co-authored with G. Ya. Lyubarsky).

Viktor Moiseevich Tsukernik

Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor. Born in Kharkov. In 1949, he graduated from the Department of Physics and Mathematics of Kharkov State University. Worked at the Institute of Physics and Technology (Kharkov) of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, then at the Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering (Kharkov) of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. At the same time, he taught at Kharkov University. Since 1993 he has lived in Israel. His main works are on the quantum theory of condensed systems (low-temperature magnets and exactly solvable low-dimensional models).