x
contents
4. Quantitative Microscopical Techniques for Single Cells 91
P. M. В. Walker and В. M. Richards
I. Introduction........... 91
II. Methods............ 96
III. Individual Techniques......... 105
IV. Conclusions........... 130
References........... 133
5. Quantitative Microchemical Techniques of Histo- and
Cytochemistry........... 139
David Glick
I. Introduction........... 140
II. Preparation of Samples......... 140
III....(Información más detallada) Measurement of Amount of Sample 143
IV. Titrimetric Techniques......... 146
V. Spectrophotometry Techniques....... 148
VI. Flame Photometric Techniques....... 150
VII. Fluoromctric Techniques........ 151
VIII. Gasometric Techniques......... 153
IX. Dilatometric Techniques........ 155
X. Microbiological Techniques........ 155
XI. Conclusions........... 156
References........... 151
6. Micrurgical Studies on Living Cells..... 161
M. J. Kopac
I. Historical............ 161
II. Instrumentation and Procedures....... 165
III. Application of Micrurgy to the Study of Living Cells . 169
IV. Subcellular Transplantation........ 169
V. Future Applications and Extensions of Micrurgy .... 183
References ........... 189
7. The Isolation of Subcellular Components .... 193
Vincent Allfrey
I. Introduction........... 194
II. Factors Influencing the Choice of Isolation Procedure 197
III. The Techniques of Cell Fractionation...... 212
IV. Some Representative Isolation Procedures..... 248
V. Standardization Procedures........ 263
VI. Some General Conclusions ........ 281
References........... 282
contents xi
8. The Cell as Organism, "Tissue Culture/' Cellular
Autonomy, and Cellular Interrelations .... 291 Philip R. White
I. Introduction........... 292
II. History............ 293
III. The Subject Matter.......... 295
IV. Methods............ 310
V. Conclusions........... 322
References........... 323
PART II: PROB1EMS OF CEIL BIOLOGY
9. Fertilization............ 327
J. Runnstrom, В. E. Hagstrom, and P. Perlmann
I. General Aspects of Fertilization....... 327
II. Fertilization in Selected Cases....... 334
III. Conclusions........... 389
References........... 391
10. Sex Determination.......... 399
L. Gallien
I. Introduction........... 400
II. Cytogenetic Theory- of Sex Determination..... 401
III. Karyologic Basis of the Mechanisms of Sex Determination . . 402
IV. Experimental Verifications of the Cytogenetic Theory of Sex Determination........... 415
V. Genetic Bipotentiality of Sex........ 425
VI. Intersexuality and Genetic Interpretation of Sex: Genie Balance 426
VII. Epigamous Factors, Intersexuality and Sex Determination . 431
VIII. Conclusions........... 432
References........... 433
11. Differentiation of Vertebrate Cells..... 437
Clifford Grobstein
I. The Concept of Differentiation....... 439
II. Criteria of Differentiation........ 441
III. Properties of Cytodifferentiation....... 448
IV. Theoretical Considerations........ 486
References........... 491
