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Обложка Oleskin A.V. Intercellular Interactions: Population Structures and Intercellular Communication in Microbial Populations Обложка Oleskin A.V. Intercellular Interactions: Population Structures and Intercellular Communication in Microbial Populations
Id: 298903
1999 р.

Intercellular Interactions:
Population Structures and Intercellular Communication in Microbial Populations

Олескин А.В.
Межклеточные взаимодействия
URSS. 2023. 200 с. ISBN 978-5-9710-4509-0.
Белая офсетная бумага
  • Мягкая обложка
. (На английском языке)

Аннотация

This work is aimed at performing two main functions.

First, it is a brief guidebook on population structures and intercellular communication in microbial populations. This guidebook is mainly intended for students (bachelors and especially masters) majoring in immunology. Therefore, special attention will be paid to intercellular interactions implicated in the operation of the immune system. Even though much time will be spent on chiefly microbiological... (Подробнее)


Contents
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Acknowledgments 63
Introduction7
Abbreviations9
Lecture 1. Population organization and communication-centered paradigm (POCCP) in microbiology. Its subfields and history12
1.1. Expounding the population organization and communication-centered paradigm12
1.2. Historical14
Lecture 2. Microbial social behavior. Biofilms22
2.1. Social behavior in microorganisms22
2.1.1. Aggression24
2.1.2. Avoidance (isolation)26
2.1.3. Affiliation27
2.1.4. Cooperation28
2.2. Biofilms29
Lecture 3. Chemical communication. Quorum sensing: main principles40
3.1. Contact communication41
3.2. Distant chemical communication among spatially separated cells43
3.3. Quorum sensing: basic principles43
3.3.1. Quorum sensing systems in gram-negative bacteria46
3.3.2. Quorum sensing systems in gram-positive bacteria51
Lecture 4. Quorum sensing: specific signals. Distant physical communication factors55
4.1. Furanone signals (AI-2)55
4.2. Neurotransmitter-like signals56
4.3. Eukaryotic QS signals57
4.4. Host-microbiota interaction in terms of QS systems57
4.5. Distant physical communication58
Lecture 5. Symbiotic microbiota60
5.1. Functions of the microbiota60
5.2. Distribution of the microbiota in the GI tract61
5.3. Interindividual differences in microbiota composition63
5.4. Microbiota as the “microbial organ”. Dysbiosis66
5.5. Impact of the microbiota on the nervous system68
5.6. Impact of the microbiota on the immune system73
Lecture 6. Probiotics and psychobiotics. The impact of neurotransmitters on host-microbiota interaction. The role of catecholamines76
6.1. Probiotics76
6.2. Psychobiotics79
6.3. Neurochemicals81
6.4. Catecholamines83
Lecture 7. Role of serotonin and histamine116
7.1. Serotonin116
7.2. Histamine121
7.3. Summarizing the data on the functions of CAs, serotonin, and histamine123
Lecture 8. Role of acetylcholine, agmatine, neuroactive amino acids, and neuropeptides125
8.1. Acetylcholine125
8.2. Agmatine126
8.3. Neuroactive amino acids128
8.4. Neuropeptides132
Lecture 9. Role of short-chain fatty acids and gasotransmitters136
9.1. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)136
9.2. Gasotransmitters141
9.2.1. Nitric oxide (NO)142
9.2.2. Carbon monoxide (CO)146
9.2.3. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)148
Lecture 10. Interaction between the microbiota and the immune system including chemical signal exchange152
10.1. Historical152
10.2. Immunological implications of microbiota-host interaction153
10.3. Colonization resistance156
10.4. Miroorganisms’ role in terms of immune responses158
10.5. Local immunity and the microbiota160
Glossary162
References167

Acknowledgments
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I wish all my students a successful and efficient scientific career, and I hope from my heart that these lectures will be enjoyable and useful to all of them.

I wish to thank most sincerely my wife Julia for her continuous support during the course of the work on this guidebook. I gratefully acknowledge the insightful questions and comments made by my students that have helped me produce the guidebook.


Introduction
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The present work is aimed at performing two main functions.

First, it is a brief guidebook on population structures and intercellular communication in microbial populations. This guidebook is mainly intended for students (bachelors and especially masters) majoring in immunology. Therefore, special attention will be paid to intercellular interactions implicated in the operation of the immune system. It is assumed that the students have already acquired sufficient knowledge concerning the mechanisms of immune responses. Even though much time will be spent on chiefly microbiological issues such as interactions among microbial cells, these issues will also be considered from the immunological viewpoint, taking into account, for instance, the response of the immune system to microbial antigens. The emphasis placed in these lectures on immunology does not imply that the lectures will be of no relevance to academic audience with a different background. It is hoped that microbiologists, neurophysiologists, ecologists, and even psychologists will also find this brief course of lectures sufficiently useful.

Second, the present book is to be considered a monograph that deals with the history and the present-day state-of-the-art of a subfield of microbiology referred to as the population organization- and communication-centered paradigm (POCCP). In this capacity, this work is focused on the main trends in research areas dealing with microbial social behavior, supracellular structures formed by microorganisms, and communication mechanisms employed by them, with special emphasis on their ongoing interaction with multicellular forms of life including, importantly, the human organism.

This work is based on a number of recent relevant publications. I specifically recommend a book co-authored by me and late Prof. Shenderov, Boris, whose eminence and extremely important contribution to microbiology, immunology, and especially nutrition science should be emphasized here. The book details are as follows: Oleskin, A. V., & Shenderov, B. A. (2020). Microbial Communication and Microbiota-Host Interactivity: Neurophysiological, Biotechnological, and Biopolitical Implications. New York: Nova Science Publishers © 2020. It is acknowledged that the present work includes some material from the Introduction and from Sections 1.1–1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.4–2.6, 3.1–3.9 of the book cited; the material is reprinted, with permission from Nova Science Publishers, in an abridged and partly modified form.

Each new course of lectures usually begins with the definition of its subject. This course deals with Population Structures and Intercellular Communication in Microbial Populations. In short, the course is about how microbial populations develop, function, and form complex structures, e.g., biofilms. This course also includes communication, i.e., information exchange among microbial cells.

Note: The present work was carried out in terms of the state assignment of the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow State University titled The Future of the Planet and Global Environmental Changes.

The publication of this work was supported by the Academic Council and the Educational and Methodological Council of the Biology Faculty of Moscow State University.


Об авторе
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photoAlexander V. Oleskin
Doctor of Science (Biology), Full Professor (Moscow State University, Faculty of biology, department of general ecology and hydrobiology). Grants and awards: Russian Science Foundation grant (2022); Russian Humanities Foundation grant (2015–2017); Certificate of recognition, Nutraceuticals conference (London, 2019); Metchnikoff Medal for outstanding achievements in biology (2009); first grade Shuvalov prize (1994). Main research fields: neurotransmitter synthesis by pro- and eukaryotic microorganisms; impact of neurotransmitters on growth variables, lipid and biogenic amine synthesis; membrane phosphorylation, and proteomics in bacteria, yeast, and microalgae; biopolitics; decentralized network structures as an important organizational pattern in biological systems and in human society.

The author has recently produced the following monographs: “Global Ecology and Sustainable Development” (M.: URSS); “Decentralized Network Organization of the Scientific Community: Prospects and Problems” (M.: URSS); “Microbial Communication and Microbiota-Host Interactions: Biomedical, Biotechnological, and Biopolitical Implications” (with B. A. Shenderov, 2020); “Network Structures in Biological Systems and in Human Society” (2014); “Biopolitics. The Political Potential of the Life Sciences” (2012).